土壤重金屬對白菜種子發芽與根伸長抑制的生態毒性效應

更新時間：2014-07-17 16:37 來源：環境科學報作者: 閱讀：2042

中文摘要

測定了水溶液和4種土壤(紅壤、草甸棕壤、暗棕壤和栗鈣土)條件下,銅、鋅、鉛、鎘單一污染對白菜種子發芽與根伸長的抑制率,以及暗棕壤條件下重金屬的復合污染效應.結果表明,同一濃度下,重金屬對白菜根伸長抑制率均明顯大于對種子發芽抑制率.重金屬在土壤中對白菜根伸長抑制效應明顯低于其在水體中的抑制效應, 這表明土壤對重金屬污染有重要的緩沖作用.銅、鋅、鉛、鎘污染對白菜根伸長抑制率與土壤有機質和土壤氮含量顯著負相關;但與土壤pH和土壤鉀含量的相關性不顯著.銅、鋅、鉛、鎘單一污染對白菜根伸長為刺激作用濃度下,復合污染即產生明顯的協同作用,其結果使白菜根伸長的抑制效應閾值明顯降低.

英文摘要

The Eco toxicity effects of individual Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd on the inhibition of seed germination and root elongation of Chinese cabbages (Brassica pekimensis) were tested in four types of soils (red loam soils, meadow brown soils, chestnut soils and dark brown soils) and water solution. The combined effects of heavy metals pollution were determined with meadow brown soils. Results indicated that with same concentration, the inhibition rates of heavy metals on root elongation of Chinese cabbages are stronger than that on the seed germination. The inhibition effects of heavy metals on the root elongation of Chinese cabbages in soils are much lower than that in water, indicating that soils play an important role of buffering on heavy metals pollution. Inhibition rates of heavy metals on the root elongation (IRHMRE)of Chinese cabbages are significantly negative related with the contents of organic matter (OR) and Kjedahl nitrogen (K-N) in soils, however, there is no significant related between IRHMRE and soil pH, so does the content of T-K. In the concentrations that result in the irritated effect in the single form of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd pollution, synergic effects are produced significantly when four heavy metals are combined. As the results, the threshold values that result in the inhibition effects on root elongation in Chinese cabbages decrease markedly.

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